What causes knee pain?
Knee pain can be caused by:
- Injury
- Disease
- Joint inflammation
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Anatomy of a joint
A joint is where two bones meet, connected by ligaments.
Bones don’t
rub against each other thanks to a tough, elastic lining
called cartilage.
Cartilage acts as a shock absorber and enables the joint
to move smoothly.
Tendons, strong cords of tissue, connect muscles to bones.
Muscles move
joints by pulling on tendons. The bones, ligaments, muscles,
cartilage and
tendons all work together to make the knees work properly.
Unfortunately,
each of these components can be affected by disease and
injury.
How the knee works At the knee joint, the thigh bone (femur)
and shin
bone (tibia) meet, and they are covered at the front
of the knee joint by
the kneecap (patella). Four ligaments connect the thigh
bone and shin bone,
giving the joint strength and stability:
1.Medial collateral ligament – provides stability to
the inner part of the knee
2.Lateral collateral ligament – provides stability to
the outer part of the knee
3.Anterior cruciate ligament – limits rotation and forward
movement of the
shin bone 4.Posterior cruciate ligament – limits backward
movement
of the shin bone-
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Two pads of connective tissue called menisci separate the
bones of the knee; each one is called a meniscus.
They act as shock absorbers.Two groups of muscles help
straighten and bend the knee. Four quadriceps
muscles run along the front of the thigh to straighten
the knee from a bent position. Hamstring muscles that run
along the back of the thigh work to bend the knee.
Causes of knee pain Knee pain
can arise from various causes, including:
* Joint inflammation – caused by inflammation
of the tissue lining the joints
* Injury – direct injury, misalignment
of the knee resulting from a hip or foot problem,
normal wear and tear, and many
other types of injuries including an ACL injury
(tearing of the anterior cruciate
ligament), torn meniscus, tendinitis or bursitis
* Disease – arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis,
gout and other conditions
Knee pain may be accompanied by certain symptoms such
as redness, swelling, stiffness, warmth,
popping noises and more.
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